腺样体不要轻易的动手术。一个是孩子症状没有那么严重，腺样体肿大对孩子造成的伤害，或许会远远小于腺样体手术对孩子造成的伤害（手术需要全麻，切割都会对孩子造成伤害）；再一个睡觉鼾声、翻来覆去、用嘴呼气，并不一定全是因为腺样体肿大造成，其实我们大人也有这种情况，一个姿势睡累了换一个姿势。除非孩子腺样体肿大造成孩子很明显的症状了，我的理解就是孩子睡觉困难，影响到身体发育，个子比同龄人小等。前一段时间我也遇到相同的问题，也咨询了很多人，最后没做手术，现减布在用了两种喷雾剂治疗：必清清鼻护理液，内舒拿糠酸莫米松鼻部喷雾剂。 下面是朋友从加拿大给发过来的一些腺样体的治疗资料，你可以参怪半考一下：垃毯掏 Many orthodontists have believed, based on limited evidence, that chronic upper airway obstruction results in abnormal craniofacial and dental growth — the "adenoid facies" — and that this too can be modified favorably by adenoidectomy or adenotonsillectomy. 特殊脸型的证据有限。 OVERVIEW OF INDICATIONS — Tonsil and adenoid surgery may be classified as obligatory (absolute) or elective (conditional), depending upon the nature and severity of the underlying problem(s). Obstruction and infection of the upper respiratory tract form the two major categories of indications for excision of the tonsils and/or adenoids. Obstruction may involve the nasopharyngeal airway, oropharyngeal airway, and the oropharyngeal deglutitory (swallowing) pathway. Infection (recurrent or chronic) may involve the middle ears, mastoid air cells, nose, nasopharynx, adenoids, paranasal sinuses, oropharynx, tonsils, peritonsillar tissues, and cervical lymph nodes. Other, more general complaints, such as poor appetite or slow weight gain in the absence of problematic infection or obstruction, which used to be widely accepted as indications for tonsil and adenoid surgery, may still occasionally be used to justify surgery, but whether and how often this occurs has not been determined. Adenotonsillectomy is often thought of, and most often carried out, as a single, combined operation. However, in assessing indications for surgery, the two components require consideration individually. (See 'General considerations' below and 'Complications and adverse effects' below.) ABSOLUTE INDICATIONS — Absolute indications mandating surgery consist of the following: Extreme obstruction of the nasopharyngeal or oropharyngeal airways by adenoids, tonsils, or both 堵塞极为严重。 Tonsillar obstruction of the oropharynx that interferes with swallowing 吞咽困难 Malignant tumor of the tonsil (or suspicion of malignancy) (see "The pediatric physical examination: HEENT", section on 'Tonsillar asymmetry') 恶性肿瘤 Uncontrollable hemorrhage from tonsillar blood vessels 无法控制和扁桃体流血 Nasopharyngeal or oropharyngeal obstruction that is severe enough to prevent, or cause discomfort in, nasal breathing or to result in frequent episodes of apnea during sleep, is an absolute indication for surgery. In extreme cases, obstructive sleep apnea may result in alveolar hypoventilation, pulmonary hypertension, and cor pulmonale. Obstructive sleep apnea also may result in neurocognitive impairment, behavioral problems, and impaired physical growth. (See "Cor pulmonale" and "Evaluation of suspected obstructive sleep apnea in children".) The evaluation and management of children with suspected obstructive sleep apnea are discussed separately. COMPLICATIONS AND ADVERSE EFFECTS — Tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy are major operations that require general anesthesia. As such, they are attended by the risk of various complications, not all of which are preventable under even ideal circumstances of care, and some of which are potentially lethal. The incidence of complications varies depending upon surgical technique . Major complications (eg, delayed bleeding requiring intervention) occur in approximately 3 percent of cases . In the randomized trials of tonsillectomy for the prevention of recurrent throat infection described above , the complication rates were 8 and 14 percent. Complications included bleeding; adverse effects of anesthesia; infection, including pharyngitis, otitis media, and bronchitis; severe nausea; and severe or protracted dysphagia. 因为全麻，并发症多。 SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS Indications and contraindications Obstruction and infection of the upper respiratory tract form the two major categories of indications for excision of the tonsils and/or adenoids. (See 'Overview of indications' above.) Absolute indications for tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy include obstruction of the nasopharyngeal or oropharyngeal airways, interference with swallowing, malignant tumor of the tonsil or suspicion of malignancy, and uncontrollable hemorrhage from tonsillar blood vessels. (See 'Absolute indications' above.) Conditional indications for tonsillectomy (with or without adenoidectomy) include recurrent acute throat infections, chronic tonsillitis, tonsillar obstruction that alters voice quality, the syndrome of periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, and cervical adenitis (PFAPA syndrome), halitosis, peritonsillar abscess, and chronic carriage of group A beta-hemolytic Streptococci. Decisions regarding tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy in children with conditional indications should be made on a case-by-case basis. (See 'Tonsillectomy' above and 'General considerations' above and "Periodic fever with aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and adenitis (PFAPA syndrome)", section on 'Treatment'.) Tonsillectomy provides moderate benefits for children with recurrent throat infection who are severely affected (as defined above) when compared with symptomatic care and antimicrobial treatment (as indicated). Decisions regarding tonsillectomy in such patients should be made on a case-by-case basis. (See 'Recurrent infection' above.) We do not suggest tonsillectomy for children who are mildly or moderately affected (Grade 2A). For such children, the benefits of surgery, if any, are modest and outweighed by the potential risks. (See 'Recurrent infection' above.) Conditional indications for adenoidectomy in children include moderate nasal obstruction with persistent symptoms; recurrent acute otitis media (AOM) or chronic otitis media with effusion (OME) in children who have undergone tympanostomy-tube insertion and whose tubes have been extruded; and chronic sinusitis that has failed to respond to sustained antimicrobial treatment. Decisions regarding elective adenoidectomy should be individualized according to the potential benefits and risks and the values and preferences of the family and child. (See 'Adenoidectomy' above and 'General considerations' above.) We suggest that children with symptoms of moderate nasal obstruction (mouth breathing, hyponasal speech, impaired olfaction) and objective evidence of adenoid hypertrophy be given a trial course of antibiotics for one month and nasal glucocorticoids for up to six months if prompt initial improvement is seen (Grade 2B). We suggest adenoidectomy for those children with moderate nasal obstruction whose obstructive symptoms have been present for a substantial period and have not responded adequately to conservative measures (Grade 2B). (See 'Nasal obstruction' above.) We suggest adenoidectomy for children with recurrent AOM or chronic OME who have previously undergone tympanostomy-tube insertion and whose tubes have been extruded (Grade 2A). We do not suggest adenoidectomy for children with recurrent AOM or chronic OME who have not undergone tympanostomy-tube insertion (Grade 2A). (See 'Otitis media' above and "Acute otitis media in children: Prevention of recurrence", section on 'Adenoidectomy or adenotonsillectomy' and "Otitis media with effusion (serous otitis media) in children", section on 'Adenoidectomy and tonsillectomy'.) We suggest adenoidectomy for children with chronic sinusitis that has not responded adequately to vigorous medical treatment (Grade 2C). The efficacy of adenoidectomy in such children is variable. (See 'Chronic sinusitis' above.) There are three general categories of contraindications to tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy: velopharyngeal, hematologic, infectious. (See 'Contraindications' above.) Complications Bleeding requiring blood transfusion or additional surgery is the most common serious complication of tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy; it occurs in approximately 2 to 4 percent of cases. The need for transfusion is uncommon. Less common serious complications include adverse reactions to anesthesia, velopharyngeal insufficiency, and upper airway obstruction. (See 'Complications and adverse effects' above.) Postoperative bleeding usually